Erdheimchester disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Most of the audience correctly diagnosed erdheimchester disease ecd. The disease can involve virtually any organ system. Clinical and pathophysiological investigations into.
It may affect the bones, heart, lung, liver, kidneys, retroperitoneum, brain, and, rarely, the orbit. Erdheimchester disease ecd was first described as the lipoid granulomatose by jakob erdheim and his pupil william chester in 1930. Pulmonary pathology of erdheimchester disease johns. In the majority of patients, orbital infiltration is bilateral. Erdheimchester disease 30 second awareness video produced by the ecd global alliance. Documentation of the pulmonary pathology is limited to case reports of ecd 1, 5, 6, 7. A 61yearold man presented with bilateral exophthalmos and progressive loss of visual function caused by. An orphan condition seeking treatment isr med assoc j. Erdheimchester disease is a rare nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis with characteristic radiological and histological features. Erdheim chester disease is a rare, nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis histologically characterized by multisystemic proliferation of mature histiocytes in a background of inflammatory stroma. About half of those affected have extraskeletal manifestations, including involvement of the hypothalamuspituitary axis, lung, heart. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a variant of histiocytosis that is associated with a braf v600e mutation, which can be detected in.
In contrast to langerhans cell histiocytosis lch no s. A novel finding in this study was strong factor xiiia immunoreactivity. Erdheimchester disease symptoms histiocytosis association. Erdheimchester disease radiology reference article. In erdheimchester disease, the excess production of histiocytes histiocytosis leads to inflammation that can damage organs and tissues.
Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare disease that includes sclerosis in the upper and lower extremities and extraskeletal involvement. In order of frequency, it also occurs in the kidney, retroperitoneum, skin, brain, lung, tissue behind the eyes, pituitary gland, and heart. Erdheimchester disease genetics home reference nih. Since the expert of the first symptoms the hope of life is a life of 19 months to 5 years, however i read several articles scientific report of some cases of people who have lived up to 30 years with the disease.
Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare histiocytosis, histologically characterized by xanthogranulomatous inflammation. It is characterized by excessive production and accumulation of specific cells whose normal function is to fight infections. The prognosis for patients with this condition is poor. The authors present a case report detailing the presentation and treatment of a 26yearold man diagnosed with seizures and a wellcircumscribed temporoparietal mass. Diabetes insipidus followed, after 4 years, with dysarthria and mild rightsided hemiparesis. Systemic fibroinflammatory disorders rare diseases of the. Erdheimchester disease, or lipid granulomatosis, is a rare disorder characterized by the proliferation of histiocytes in bone and in extraosseous locations. Pathologists, among the many other integral specialties, have been an important role in the process of diagnosing erdheim chester disease. Erdheimchester disease is a rare form of multiorgan nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis that affects individuals between the ages of 50 and 70 with an equal distribution among males and females. Disease of bone with bilateral symmetric sclerosis of metadiaphyseal region of long bone. Although rare, ecd is clearly an overlooked diagnosis. This book provides detailed information on the nosology, pathology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare form of non langerhans cell histiocytosis originally described as lipid granulomatosis in 1930 by jakob erdheim and william chester. Histologically, it is categorized as a nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis, and most commonly occurs in men between the ages of 50 and 70, although cases have been.
The condition seems to be nonfamilial and typically affects middleaged adults. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare systemic histiocytic disease. Therefore, close long term followup will be required to evaluate the efficacy of interferon alpha in our patient, and efforts should be made to establish novel. These cells, which normally help fight infection and injury, then gather in different organs and tissues and can result in a variety of symptoms, including organ failure. Orbital involvement is not infrequent and is manifested by exophthalmos and periorbital. Erdheimchester disease is a rare aggressive histiocytic proliferation with systemic involvement that frequently causes bone lesions with a characteristic radiographic and clinical presentation. It encompasses a spectrum of disorders ranging from asymptomatic bone lesions to multisystemic, lifethreatening variants.
Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare nonlangerhans cell. Erdheimchester disease is a rare, nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis histologically characterized by multisystemic proliferation of mature histiocytes in a background of. Erdheimchester disease is an extremely rare disorder that can affect many different organs of the body. Chest xray showing cardiac involvement 1a, pelvic xray 1b and shoulder xray 1c showing multiple lyticsclerotic lesions. Systemic fibroinflammatory disorders rare diseases of the immune system. Individuals affected by this disease are typically adults between their 5th and 7th decades of life. First described in 1930 by william chester as a novel lipogranulomatous disorder, it was later termed erdheimchester disease after the pathologist erdheim. As of present time, only several hundred cases had been documented in the medical literature 1, the majority of which were described in the past ten years 2. What is the life expectancy of someone with erdheim. Multisystem radiologic manifestations of erdheimchester.
Ecd is characterized by a symmetrical sclerosis at the diametaphyseal portions of the upper and lower extremities with. Erdheimchester disease is a rare type of slowgrowing blood cancer called a histiocytic neoplasm, which results in overproduction of cells called histiocytes. It is a nonlangerhans form of histiocytosis, of unknown origin, and is rare. It is thought perhaps to be a lipid storage disease, in which foamy lipidladen histiocytes accumulate in the bone marrow. Histiocytes normally function to destroy foreign substances and protect the body from infection. Erdheimchester disease may be associated with other histiocytic neoplasms, including langerhans cell hisitocytosis and rosaidorfman disease which should be confirmed by biopsy in the setting of atypical clinical manifestations blood 2020 mar 18 epub ahead of print, blood 2014. The disease was characterized by proliferation of lipidcontaining foamy histiocytes in the skeleton, especially in the long bones, without visceral involvement. Pulmonary pathology of erdheimchester disease modern pathology. Statistics of erdheim chester disease 0 people with erdheim chester disease have taken the sf36 survey.
Erdheimchester disease ecd is a systemic nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis of adults that most commonly involves the long bones. Diagnostic pathology of infectious disease second edition, 2018. Erdheimchester disease is a systemic lipogranulomatous disorder with infiltration by lipidladen histiocytes foamy macrophages, touton giant cells and a variable amount of background fibrosis 2. Erdheimchester disease with right atrial tumor and temporal arteritis open journal of rheumatology and autoimmune diseases, 2012, 2, 3738. Most patients have bilateral and symmetric sclerotic bone lesions especially involving the. In contrast to langerhans cell histiocytosis lch no s100 nor cd1 are detected 1, but cd68 is positive 10. This book provides detailed information on the nosology, pathology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of fibroinflammatory disorders, rare diseases that often display. Erdheim chester disease ecd is a rare type of histiocytosis disease that involves an excessive production and accumulation of a certain type of white blood cells histiocytes in many different organs of the body. Typically, the diaphyseal and metaphyseal portions of the tubular bones are affected, leading to a characteristic radiographic pattern of bone sclerosis.
The ecd global alliance is dedicated to raising awareness around the world, especially within the medical community. Rare presentation of a rare disease erdheim chester. The disease was first described in the medical literature in 1930 by the austrian pathologist jakob erdheim, and the american pathologist william chester lipoid granulomatosis. Sheets of foamy histiocytes cd68 positive with s 100 protein negative seen in between the bony trabecules. Involvement of other organs, including the lung, has been reported. No data specifically addressing the most frequent presentations of ecd at the time of onset in a large cohort of patients are currently available. Associated symptoms and findings and disease course depend on the. Malaysian orthopaedic journal 2012 vol 6 no 3 koh tw, et al 70 fig. Erdheimchester disease the journal of rheumatology. Estrada veras, md, clinical investigator and staff clinician at the national human. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare nonlangerhans histiocytic disorder most commonly characterized by multifocal osteosclerotic lesions of the long bones demonstrating sheets of foamy histiocytes on biopsy, with or without histiocytic infiltration of extraskeletal tissues. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare form of histiocytosis of unknown origin characterized by tissue infiltration by lipidladen histiocytes. Mazor rd, kesler a, shoenfeld y erdheimchester disease.
Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare multisystem disorder of adulthood. Erdheim chester disease nord national organization for. Ecd involves xanthomatous or xanthogranulomatous infiltration of tissues by foamy histiocytes, lipid. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare form of nonlangerhanscell histiocytosis, associated in more than 50% of cases to brafv600e mutations in early multipotent myelomonocytic precursors or in tissueresident histiocytes. Frequently asked questions about erdheimchester disease ecd. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis that may present with pulmonary symptoms. The multifaceted clinical presentations and manifestations. Furthermore, signs and symptoms of erdheimchester disease may vary on an individual basis for each patient. Journey to erdheimchester diagnosis described in detail.
This signs and symptoms information for erdheimchester disease has been gathered from various sources, may not be fully accurate, and may not be the full list of erdheimchester disease signs or erdheimchester disease symptoms. Radiographic and pathologic changes in the long bones are diagnostic, but patients often present with extraskeletal manifestations. Erdheimchester disease is a rare, nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis histologically characterized by multisystemic proliferation of mature. Erdheim chester disease ecd is a rare nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis that may present with pulmonary symptoms. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality that is mostly due to infiltration of critical organs. These cells, which are called histiocytes, infiltrate the loose connective tissue of. Rare and potentially lethal, erdheimchester disease ecd is a histiocytic neoplasm about which little is known, and for which there remains a paucity of effective treatments. Erdheimchester disease of the central nervous system. Erdheim chester disease nord national organization for rare. Although ecd was first described in 1930, it stayed under the radar until 1996, and it was not until 2005 that the first treatment, interferon alpha, was offered to patients, said juvianee i. Erdheimchester disease mimicking a primary brain tumor in. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare, nonlangerhans form of histiocytosis of unknown origin with distinct clinicopathologic and radiographic features. Ecd was first described by erdheim and chester in 1930 1. Erdheimchester disease journal of clinical pathology.
Some of the sites that erdheimchester disease affects include the skeletal system. Erdheimchester disease ecd is a rare condition that can affect many parts. These cells normally are responsible for responding to infection and injury. Erdheimchester disease erdheimchester disease ecd is a variant of histiocytosis that is associated with a braf v600e mutation, which can be detected in the lesion or the patients blood. Erdheimchester disease is a rare form of nonlangerhans cell histiocytosis. It involves the excessive production of histiocytes, which are a type of white blood cell. While most of the published research on gadolinium has been related to nsf nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and patients with severe renal disease, more recent studies by errante 2014, kanda 20 and xia 2010 have presented evidence of gadolinium retention in patients without severe kidney problems. Washington the fda today granted a firstever approval for treatment of the rare blood cancer erdheimchester disease ecd, the agency announced. Erdheimchester can involve many different systems in the body and most often affects the long bones. Total score ranges from 0 to 3,600 being 0 the worst and 3,600 the best.
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